Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMD8Q3J)

Drug Name
Gemfibrozil
Synonyms
ApoGemfibrozil; Ausgem; Bolutol; Brozil; Cholespid; Clearol; Decrelip; Elmogan; Fetinor; Fibratol; Fibrocit; GFZ; Gemd; Gemfibril; Gemfibromax; Gemfibrosil; Gemfibrozilo; Gemfibrozilum; Gemhexal; Gemlipid; Gemnpid; GenGemfibrozil; Genlip; Gozid; Hidil; Hipolixan; Innogem; Innogen; Ipolipid; Jezil; Lanaterom; Lifibron; Lipazil; Lipigem; Lipira; Lipizyl; Lipozid; Lipur; Litarek; Lopid; Micolip; Normolip; NuGemfibrozil; Pilder; Polyxit; Progemzal; Reducel; Regulip; Renabrazin; Sinelip; Synbrozil; Taborcil; Tentroc; Trialmin; Alphapharm Brand of Gemfibrozil; Apo Gemfibrozil; Apotex Brand of Gemfibrozil; Bayvit Brand of Gemfibrozil; Bexal Brand of Gemfibrozil; Biochemie Brand of Gemfibrozil; Bull Brand of Gemfibrozil; Cantabria Brand of Gemfibrozil; Chem mart Brand of Gemfibrozil; Chem mart Gemfibrozil; DBL Gemfibrozil; Douglas Brand of Gemfibrozil; Farmasierra Brand of Gemfibrozil; Faulding Brand of Gemfibrozil;Ferrer Brand of Gemfibrozil; Gemfibrozilo Bayvit; Gemfibrozilo Bexal; Gemfibrozilo Ur; Gen Gemfibrozil; GenRX Gemfibrozil; Genpharm Brand of Gemfibrozil; Gevilon Uno; Healthsense Brand of Gemfibrozil; Healthsense Gemfibrozil; Hexal Brand of Gemfibrozil; Ipsen Brand of Gemfibrozil; Lipox Gemfi; Lopid R; Menarini Brand of Gemfibrozil; Novo Gemfibrozil; Novopharm Brand of Gemfibrozil; Nu Gemfibrozil; Nu Pharm Brand of Gemfibrozil; PMS Gemfibrozil; Parke Davis Brand of Gemfibrozil; Pfizer Brand of Gemfibrozil; Pharmascience Brand of Gemfibrozil; Quimifar Brand of Gemfibrozil; SBPA Gemfibrozil; Sigma Brand of Gemfibrozil; TAD Brand of Gemfibrozil; Terry White Chemists Brand of Gemfibrozil; Terry White Chemists Gemfibrozil; United Drug Brand of Gemfibrozil; Warner Lambert Brand of Gemfibrozil; CI719; Gemfi 1A Pharma; Apo-Gemfibrozil; Bayvit, Gemfibrozilo; Gem-S; Gemfibrozil, GenRX; Gemfibrozil, Healthsense; Gemfibrozil, SBPA; Gemfibrozilo [INN-Spanish]; Gemfibrozilum [INN-Latin]; Gen-Fibro;Gen-Gemfibrozil; Jezil (TN); Lopid (TN); Low-Lip; Novo-Gemfibrozil; Nu-Gemfibrozil; Nu-Pharm Brand of Gemfibrozil; PMS-Gemfibrozil; TEVA-A; WL-Gemfibrozil; Warner-Lambert Brand of Gemfibrozil; GEMFIBROZIL (SEE ALSO PEROXISOME PROJECT (GEMFIBROZIL)); Gemfibrozil [USAN:BAN:INN]; Gen-Fibro (TN); PEROXISOME PROJECT (GEMFIBROZIL) (SEE ALSO GEMFIBROZIL); Gemfibrozil (JAN/USP/INN); Gemcor, Lopid, Jezil,Gen-Fibro, Gemfibrozil; 1A Brand of Gemfibrozil; 2,2-Dimethyl-5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)pentanoic acid; 2,2-Dimethyl-5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)valeriansaeure; 2,2-Dimethyl-5-(2,5-xylyloxy)valeriansaeure; 2,2-Dimethyl-5-(2,5-xylyloxy)valeric acid; 5-(2,5-Dimethyl-Phenoxy)-2,2-Dimethyl-Pentanoic Acid; 5-(2,5-Dimethylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid; 5-[(2,5-dimethylphenyl)oxy]-2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Hyperlipidaemia 5C80 Approved [1], [2]
Therapeutic Class
Antilipemic Agents
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0 Molecular Weight (mw) 250.33
Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp) 3.8
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 3
ADMET Property
Absorption Cmax
The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of drug is 46 +/- 16 mg/L [3]
Absorption Tmax
The time to maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) is 2.2 +/- 1.1 h [3]
BDDCS Class
Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 2: low solubility and high permeability [4]
Bioavailability
98% of drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s) [5]
Clearance
The clearance of drug is 6.0 L/h [6]
Elimination
Approximately 70% of a dose of gemfibrozil is eliminated in the urine [3]
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 1.5 hours [3]
Metabolism
The drug is metabolized via UGT2B7, but also by UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A9, UGT2B4, UGT2B17 [7]
MRTD
The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 79.8911 micromolar/kg/day [8]
Vd
The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 0.8 L/kg [6]
Water Solubility
The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 0.019 mg/mL [4]
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C15H22O3
IUPAC Name
5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid
Canonical SMILES
CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)C)OCCCC(C)(C)C(=O)O
InChI
InChI=1S/C15H22O3/c1-11-6-7-12(2)13(10-11)18-9-5-8-15(3,4)14(16)17/h6-7,10H,5,8-9H2,1-4H3,(H,16,17)
InChIKey
HEMJJKBWTPKOJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
3463
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:5296
CAS Number
25812-30-0
DrugBank ID
DB01241
TTD ID
D05VIX
VARIDT ID
DR00540
INTEDE ID
DR0766
ACDINA ID
D00300

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) TTOF3WZ LIPL_HUMAN Activator [9]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [10]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) DEYGVN4 UD11_HUMAN Substrate [11]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7)
Main DME 		DEB3CV1 UD2B7_HUMAN Substrate [11]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 (UGT1A9) DE85D2P UD19_HUMAN Substrate [11]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A3 (UGT1A3) DEF2WXN UD13_HUMAN Substrate [12]
Catechol-2,3-dioxygenase (caD) DEFKSVZ A0A371SLU3_9BACI Substrate [13]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Gemfibrozil (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Insulin-glulisine DMQI0FU Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Gemfibrozil and Insulin-glulisine. Acute diabete complication [5A2Y] [52]
Insulin-aspart DMX7V28 Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Gemfibrozil and Insulin-aspart. Acute diabete complication [5A2Y] [53]
Erdafitinib DMI782S Major Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Erdafitinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Bladder cancer [2C94] [54]
Pexidartinib DMS2J0Z Major Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Pexidartinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Bone/articular cartilage neoplasm [2F7B] [55]
Tucatinib DMBESUA Major Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Tucatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y] [56]
Revefenacin DMMP5SI Moderate Decreased clearance of Gemfibrozil due to the transporter inhibition by Revefenacin. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22] [57]
Lacosamide DMVM6QR Moderate Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Lacosamide mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [58]
ABT-333 DM7TOWX Major Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by ABT-333 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51] [59]
GS-9857 DMYU6P5 Moderate Decreased clearance of Gemfibrozil due to the transporter inhibition by GS-9857. Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51] [60]
Etravirine DMGV8QU Moderate Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Etravirine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62] [61]
Pirfenidone DM6VZFQ Moderate Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Pirfenidone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis [CB03] [62]
Lesinurad DMUR64T Moderate Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Lesinurad mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Inborn purine/pyrimidine/nucleotide metabolism error [5C55] [63]
ITI-007 DMUQ1DO Moderate Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by ITI-007 mediated inhibition of UGT. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [64]
Eluxadoline DMYZ0P1 Major Decreased clearance of Gemfibrozil due to the transporter inhibition by Eluxadoline. Irritable bowel syndrome [DD91] [62]
Brigatinib DM7W94S Minor Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Brigatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [65]
PF-06463922 DMKM7EW Moderate Increased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by PF-06463922 mediated induction of UGT. Lung cancer [2C25] [58]
Hydroxychloroquine DMSIVND Moderate Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Hydroxychloroquine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Malaria [1F40-1F45] [58]
Arry-162 DM1P6FR Moderate Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Arry-162 mediated inhibition of UGT. Melanoma [2C30] [58]
Dabrafenib DMX6OE3 Moderate Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Dabrafenib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Melanoma [2C30] [58]
Siponimod DM2R86O Major Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Siponimod mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [58]
Ozanimod DMT6AM2 Major Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Ozanimod mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [58]
Lonafarnib DMGM2Z6 Moderate Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Lonafarnib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Premature ageing appearance [LD2B] [66]
Enzalutamide DMGL19D Moderate Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Enzalutamide mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Prostate cancer [2C82] [67]
Selexipag DMAHSU0 Major Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by Selexipag mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Pulmonary hypertension [BB01] [68]
As-1670542 DMV05SW Moderate Decreased metabolism of Gemfibrozil caused by As-1670542 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Thrombocytopenia [3B64] [62]
Insulin-detemir DMOA4VW Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Gemfibrozil and Insulin-detemir. Type-1/2 diabete [5A10-5A11] [52]
Insulin degludec DMPL395 Moderate Increased risk of hypoglycemia by the combination of Gemfibrozil and Insulin degludec. Type-1/2 diabete [5A10-5A11] [52]
Elagolix DMB2C0E Major Decreased clearance of Gemfibrozil due to the transporter inhibition by Elagolix. Uterine fibroid [2E86] [69]
⏷ Show the Full List of 28 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG
DIG Name DIG ID PubChem CID Functional Classification
FD&C blue no. 1 E00263 19700 Colorant
Isopropyl alcohol E00070 3776 Antimicrobial preservative; Solvent
methylparaben E00149 7456 Antimicrobial preservative
Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate E00141 7175 Antimicrobial preservative
Sodium lauryl sulfate E00464 3423265 Emulsifying agent; Modified-release agent; Penetration agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; lubricant
Butyl alcohol E00011 263 Flavoring agent; Solvent
Calcium stearate E00244 15324 lubricant
Carmellose sodium E00625 Not Available Disintegrant
Crospovidone E00626 Not Available Disintegrant
Hypromellose E00634 Not Available Coating agent
Magnesium stearate E00208 11177 lubricant
Magnesium sulfate E00281 24083 Vaccine adjuvant
Polyethylene glycol 3350 E00652 Not Available Coating agent; Diluent; Ointment base; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; lubricant
Polyethylene glycol 400 E00653 Not Available Coating agent; Diluent; Ointment base; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; lubricant
Polyethylene glycol 4000 E00654 Not Available Coating agent; Diluent; Ointment base; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; lubricant
Polysorbate 80 E00665 Not Available Dispersing agent; Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Plasticizing agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; Suspending agent
Polyvinyl alcohol E00666 Not Available Coating agent; Emulsion stabilizing agent; Film/Membrane-forming agent
Povidone E00667 Not Available Binding agent; Coating agent; Disintegrant; Film/membrane-forming agent; Solubilizing agent; Suspending agent
Propylene glycol E00040 1030 Antimicrobial preservative; Humectant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent
Silicon dioxide E00670 Not Available Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Talc E00520 16211421 Anticaking agent; Diluent; Glidant; lubricant
Titanium dioxide E00322 26042 Coating agent; Colorant; Opacifying agent
Triacetin E00080 5541 Humectant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent
Water E00035 962 Solvent
⏷ Show the Full List of 24 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug
Pharmaceutical Formulation
Formulation Name Drug Dosage Dosage Form Route
Gemfibrozil 600 mg tablet 600 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

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55 Product Information. Turalio (pexidartinib). Daiichi Sankyo, Inc., Parsippany, NJ.
56 Product Information. Tukysa (tucatinib). Seattle Genetics Inc, Bothell, WA.
57 Product Information. Nexletol (bempedoic acid). Esperion Therapeutics, Ann Arbor, MI.
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60 Product Information. Vosevi (sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
61 Product Information. Intelence (etravirine). Ortho Biotech Inc, Bridgewater, NJ.
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63 Product Information. Zurampic (lesinurad). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
64 Product Information. Caplyta (lumateperone). Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, NY.
65 Product Information. Alunbrig (brigatinib). Ariad Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA.
66 Product Information. Zokinvy (lonafarnib). Eiger BioPharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA.
67 Product Information. Xtandi (enzalutamide). Astellas Pharma US, Inc, Deerfield, IL.
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69 Product Information. Orilissa (elagolix). AbbVie US LLC, North Chicago, IL.